Trophoblast-like cells sorted from peripheral maternal blood using flow cytometry: A multiparametric study involving transmission electron microscopy and fetal dna amplification

Three monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against trophoblast (GB17, GB21, and GB25) and flow cytometry were used to sort trophoblast-like cells (TLCs) from peripheral blood of pregnant women. Sorted TLCs were processed for electron microscopy and fetal DNA amplification of the Y-specific sequences from mothers carrying male fetuses. At the ultra-structural level, most of the nucleated cells had the morphology of leucocytes, suggesting maternal contaminants, and we did not find the characteristic features of the free inter-villous trophoblast cells. Nevertheless, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis showed an amplification of Y-specific sequences in two out of three samples of sorted TLCs. These results suggest that besides the maternal leucocytes, sufficient trophoblast nucleated fetal cells can be obtained using cell enrichment by sorting. This sensitive method holds promise for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of fetal sex and if sufficient Y(positive) nuclei are found, for the diagnosis of selected numerical chromosome abnormalities.     

微生物絮凝剂PF-2的成分分析及絮凝机制研究

筛选得到的荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)产生的絮凝剂——PF-2在处理高岭土悬浊液时,具有用量少、絮凝效果好等优点,对高岭土悬浊液的絮凝率可达96.5%.呈色反应和紫外扫描的测定结果表明,PF-2大部分为胞外分泌的多糖,含有少量的核酸,提取后每升发酵液可制得絮凝剂粗品2.3 g;ζ电位测定及氢键和离子键检验结果表明,PF-2与高岭土颗粒之间的作用力为离子键;红外光谱扫描分析PF-2中含有O-H、C-H、C＝C和C-O-C等多糖的特征吸收峰;利用扫描电镜观察絮体形态表明,絮体结构密实,其絮凝机制为PF-2和高岭土以离子键的形式结合,之后通过架桥作用絮凝沉淀.     

Acceleration of floc-water separation and floc reduction with magnetic nanoparticles during demulsification of complex waste cutting emulsions

Waste cutting emulsions are difficult to treat efficiently owing to their complex composition and stable emulsified structure. As an important treatment method for emulsions, chemical demulsification is faced with challenges such as low flocs–water separation rates and high sludge production. Hence, in this study, Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were used to enhance chemical demulsification performance for treating waste cutting emulsions under a magnetic field. The addition of MNPs significantly decreased the time required to attain sludge–water separation and sludge compression equilibrium, from 210 to 20 min. In addition, the volume percentage of sludge produced at the equilibrium state was reduced from 45% to 10%. This excellent flocculation–separation performance was stable over a pH range of 3–11. The magnetization of the flocculants and oil droplets to form a flocculant–MNP–oil droplet composite, and the magnetic transfer of the composite were two key processes that enhanced the separation of cutting emulsions. Specifically, the interactions among MNPs, flocculants, and oil droplets were important in the magnetization process, which was controlled by the structures and properties of the three components. Under the magnetic field, the magnetized flocculant–MNP–oil droplet composites were considerably accelerated and separated from water, and the sludge was simultaneously compressed. Thus, this study expands the applicability of magnetic separation techniques in the treatment of complex waste cutting emulsions.     

GA-g-PAMPS/AA/ST凝胶的制备及对亚甲基蓝吸附性能

采用微波辐射技术,通过接枝共聚反应制备了阿拉伯胶（GA）-g-2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸（AMPS）/丙烯酸（AA）/海泡石黏土（ST）（GA-g-PAMPS/AA/ST）复合水凝胶,利用FTIR、XRD、SEM对复合水凝胶进行了表征,研究了水凝胶对水溶液中亚甲基蓝（MB）染料的吸附性能.结果显示：GA、ST和AA与AMPS发生了接枝共聚反应,形成具有均匀三维网络结构的复合水凝胶.0.025g水凝胶可以使体积为50mL、pH值为6.4、浓度为600mg/L的MB溶液的吸附量和吸附率分别达1146mg/g和95.5%,水凝胶具有较好的重复利用性能.Freundlich等温模型和准二级动力学模型能更好地描述吸附过程.热力学研究表明水凝胶对亚甲基蓝吸附是自发、吸热和不可逆的过程.该水凝胶可用作阳离子染料和阳离子型污染物的潜在候选生物质吸附剂.     

乌鲁木齐市餐饮业油烟污染的调查及防治初探

通过对乌鲁木齐市20家餐饮业油烟污染的调查分析，结果表明，乌鲁木齐市餐饮业油烟污染严重，并提出了防治措施。     

“引江济太”对太湖北部底质及水质总磷的影响

应用GIS技术研究了"引江济太"对太湖北部底质与水质总磷(TP)浓度的影响。研究结果表明,2014—2019年,调水北部沿线4个点位底质TP浓度降幅为59.8%～80.5%;不同点位的水质TP浓度变化存在差异,入湖口点位下降14.1%,沿线其他点位分别上升37.4%、38.6%和45.0%。从空间分布来看,太湖水质TP始终呈明显的"西高东低"分布特点,但底质TP的分布未显示出该类规律。望亭水利枢纽调水情况与入湖口5#点位底质TP浓度呈一定程度的正相关,在调水入湖水量大于出湖水量的年份,5#点位底质TP浓度会偏高。"引江济太"会对太湖北部调水沿线,特别是入湖口附近水域的TP含量产生较大影响,并通过水流迁移与底质再悬浮释放影响下游水域。如何降低望虞河及周边支流的入湖泥沙量将是今后开展科学调水、保障贡湖水源地水质安全的重点研究方向之一。     

乳化液防腐净化机理与装置的试验研究

研究了磁化与充氧在乳化液防腐净化中的作用，设计制作出小型移动式乳化液防腐净化装置，在实验室内，对乳化液连续循环处理五个多月，结果是乳化液仍然保持原始性能，没有腐败变臭迹象，效果理想。     

微孔膜生物反应器在港口含油洗涤废水处理工程中的应用

介绍了微孔膜生物反应器在港口含油洗涤废水处理工程中的应用，进行了设计参数的选取、工程设计和运行效果分析，设计污水处理量为30.0m^3/d。运行结果表明，微孔膜生物反应器具有运行效果稳定、抗冲击负荷能力强、硝化能力强、操作运行简便等优点。     

电化学法烟气脱硫制取浓硫酸

利用电化学脱硫生产硫酸是一种自然资源再利用的新型大气环保技术 ,它通过电解I- /I2 体系生成I2 来吸收氧化烟气中的SO2 ,其脱硫率可达 95%～ 99% ,并生成 85%以上的高浓度硫酸和纯氢。以期获得废渣废液的零排放。     

碱性物质中和法在处理煤矿废水中的应用

凡是有地下煤矿开采的地区,都伴之有地下水排放.在面临全球性淡水缺乏的形势下,煤矿排放废水却作为污染源,日夜注入河床,致使环境保护部门为之大伤脑筋,而且各煤矿也为煤矿排放废水的治理,付出了很大的经济代价.因此如何解决煤矿排放废水达标排放的问题,使其能作为矿产资源和水资源得到再利用,解决即将到来的水荒危机就成为了本文讨论的重点.